What is the purpose of the ALT attribute in an image tag?

The purpose of the ALT attribute in an image tag is to provide alternative text that describes the image for browsers or devices that are unable to display it. This is particularly important for accessibility reasons, as it allows visually impaired users who rely on screen readers to understand the content and context of the image. Additionally, if an image fails to load due to a broken link or other issues, the ALT text will appear in its place, ensuring that users still receive relevant information rather than a blank space.

Using ALT text effectively also contributes to better search engine optimization (SEO), as search engines can read this text and understand what the image represents. Consequently, using the ALT attribute correctly can enhance both user experience and website functionality.