What is the box model in CSS?

The box model in CSS is crucial for understanding how elements are rendered on a web page. It specifically describes the boxes that are created around HTML elements, which include four essential components: the content area, padding, border, and margin.

The content area is where text and images are displayed. Padding is the space between the content and the border, providing a cushion around the content to enhance readability and aesthetics. The border wraps around the padding and content, visually delineating the box. Finally, the margin is the outermost layer that creates space between the element's box and other elements on the page.

Understanding the box model is fundamental for web design because it affects how elements are sized and spaced relative to one another. This influences both the layout and the overall appearance of a web page.